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The Maharal indeed says in Nesivos Olam that word Shalom comes from the word Shleimus. This is a major recurring theme in the Maharal
Here is the beginning of the first Perek of Nesiv Hashalom in Nesivos Olam:
בספר משלי (י"ב) מרמה בלב חורשי רע וליועצי שלום שמחה. שלמה המלך ר"ל כי בני אדם אשר הם חורשי און והם אותם שמשלחים מדנים בין איש ובין חבירו, ונקראים ...
4
The Sefer Yoreh Binah (Practical guide to the terminology of Yoreh Deah- Rabbi Daniel Yaakov Travis):
מוהל
Definition: Liquid of heter that is discharged from meat after the shiur melicha [=amount of time necessary for salting].
4
Jastrow translates it as secretion: https://www.sefaria.org/Jastrow%2C_%D7%9E%D7%95%D6%B9%D7%94%D6%B7%D7%9C.1?lang=bi&with=Jastrow&lang2=en
3
In modern Hebrew, Mohel means dilution (למהול = to dilute). I think that it means something like that here, too.
3
Someone I know with access to the Bar Ilan database told me the earliest source that uses that phrase is Rav Yaakov Emden (18th century).
מור וקציעה סימן פח
דף מ"ה ע"א. והרמב"ם בסוף הל' ק"ש נתן טעם לדבר היאך היה כח לריב"ב לבטל תקנת עזרא. הטעם ההוא הביאו הרב"י להלן בסוף עמוד זה. ואני אומר בלשון זה, עזרא לדורו תקן שהיו גבורי כח ועמדו בתקנתו כל זמן ...
3
דָּתִי is a recent coinage; its first attestation listed by the Hebrew Language Academy is from 1851, so there is no possibility of a Talmudic source on it.
The word is an adjective derived from the noun דָּת, which is much older, appearing already in the Bible in Esther (its Aramaic equivalent is also used in Ezra and Daniel). In the earlier books, it's ...
2
R. Judah Halevi addresses this question right in the beginning of Part IV of the Kuzari:
The word has a plural form, because it was so used by gentile idolaters, who believed that every deity was invested with astral and other powers. Each of these was called Eloah; their united forces were therefore, called Elohim.
(Hirschfeld translation p. 198)
...
1
The Torah Temimah explains the difference by citing from the Talmud hat the word "ish" is used to exclude a minor and "zachar" to imply whether this is an adult or a minor.
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There is a general precept to ask the well-being of another person. This is known as שאילת שלום, asking of ‘shalom’. For example in Berachot 9:5:
וְהִתְקִינוּ, שֶׁיְּהֵא אָדָם שׁוֹאֵל אֶת שְׁלוֹם חֲבֵרוֹ בַּשֵּׁם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (רות ב) וְהִנֵּה בֹעַז בָּא מִבֵּית לֶחֶם, וַיֹּאמֶר לַקּוֹצְרִים יְיָ עִמָּכֶם, וַיֹּאמְרוּ לוֹ, יְבָרֶכְךָ יְיָ
And they ...
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