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Two basic answers exist to this question:
In reality, when the calendar was decided by testimony of the new moon, this phrase probably did not exist in the prayers. Maseches Sofrim 19:4 writes:
בחג שבועות אומר ביום טוב מקרא קודש הזה וביום חג השבועות הזה וערבית
שחרית ומנחה שוין בתפלות
In fact, the Ritva (to Shabbos 86b) and Rivash (Shut no. 96) imply ...
7
The Shulchan Aruch rules (O.C. 294:1) that in general one need not repeat Shemonah Esrei for forgetting Atah Chonantanu. The exception where one does have to repeat it is if he also ate before making havdalah on wine:
ואם טעה ולא הבדיל משלים תפלתו ואינו חוזר מפני שצריך להבדיל על הכוס ואם טעם קודם שהבדיל על הכוס צריך לחזור ולהבדיל בתפלה
Given that if ...
7
This question is discussed in Chevel Nachalato 8:13, where a number of contemporary Rabbis' approaches are presented.
R. Avigdor Nebenzahl writes that he knows of no good answer to the question, but does note some hints to the shtei halechem, such as Chabad's text of ושני שעירים לכפר as part of musaf.
R. Ya'akov Epstein suggests that there is a hesitance ...
7
A yeshiva.co article titled "Reciting Brachos in the Presence of Unpleasant Odors" addresses a very similar scenario:
Only substances whose malodor results from decomposition prohibit reciting a bracha, but not inherently foul-smelling items, such as pitch (Chayei Odom 3:12; Mishnah Berurah 79:23). According to this ruling, one may recite a bracha in the ...
7
Rav Yehoshua ibn Shu’ib, Rabbi Mordecai ben Abraham Benet, and the Mateh Moshe (Laws of Shavuot 690) explain that for this reason the more general word 'time' is used instead of the more precise 'day' (the term usually used to refer to a one day holiday), because it hasn't always been the exact day, but it always is in the general time frame of Matan Torah. ...
4
They do.
Classical rites that mention dew in the second blessing consistently also request it in the ninth blessing:
Sefardim say מוריד הטל and וברך שנתנו בטללי רצון
Italians say מוריד הטל and ותן טל לברכה
Yemenites say מוריד הטל and וברך את שנותינו בטללי רצון.
Those that don't mention dew in the second blessing also don't request it in the ...
2
According to Bechorot 45a, the number of limbs for a woman is a bit more than 248 (either 252 or 253). Therefore, using the 'standard' formulation of saying '248 limbs' would not work for females. Additionally, since there seems to be disputes between different works as to the 'correct' number of limbs for a woman (besides for the dispute in Bechorot, the Ba'...
2
Tosafot Yom Tov to Berachot 7:3 explains (based on Rif, based on a Yerushalmi) that adding the word ‘hamevorach’ to barechu said by one getting an aliyah (or, presumably, during tefillah) obviates the appearance of exclusion from the blessing.
He suggests that we don’t add ‘hamevorach’ to birchat hamazon because it’s long enough already, but want to add it ...
2
The Node Beyehuda (V1, OCH §4) discusses this question:
ואשר בדק לן מעלתו למה פסוקי המוספין קבעו בתפלת המוסף ופרשת התמיד לא
תיקנו לומר בתפלה פסוקי התמיד.
Loosely translated: Why are the verses of the Mussaf established within the Mussaf prayer, yet the verses of the Tammid were not fixed into Shacharis/Mincha prayer?
He begins be stating that no-...
1
In my neighborhood, there are several shuls where the rav has paid people to come to shul to daven. I can't speak for the motive of each of these shuls except for the one that I occasionally daven in. Here, the rav has two motives - 1) To help ensure a daily minyan - this is for the need of the tzibbur and 2) For some of these attendants, it's to encourage ...
1
To add to AviSch's answer, this article (Hebrew) from Tzohar has an anecdote which may shed some light on why Hanotein Teshuah was replaced soon after the establishment of the state.
על הזיקה בין שתי התפילות ניתן לעמוד מסיפור אישי שמביא פרופ' דב סדן באחד ממאמריו. סדן, אחד מחשובי החוקרים של הספרות העברית והתרבות היהודית, מספר כי ביום שלאחר הכרזת המדינה ...
1
There are a number of authorities who allow taking in the second day of yom tov early. From my quick review of the sources they do not discuss the issue of tosefes.
See Aruch Hashulchan Orach Chaim 668:6 and Yom Tov Sheni Kehilchato p. 37.
The Taz (Orach Chaim 489:10) was against this practice but see response in Sha’ar HaTziyun 668:11
additional ...
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