16
It seems to have been referred to this way at least as early as the time of Flavius Josephus.
See his Antiquities of the Jews, Book 12, Chapter 7:
Now Judas celebrated the festival of the restoration of the sacrifices of the temple for eight days, and omitted no sort of pleasures thereon; but he feasted them upon very rich and splendid sacrifices; and he ...
6
From what I've seen, the books available at https://chafetzchayim.org/ seem to be a fairly straightforward translation of almost all the works if the Chafetz Chaim.
You can see for yourself if you like the format, as they have full and complete text documents of their work available for anyone to read. Here is the page for their Sefer Chafetz Chaim, scroll ...
3
Abudarham quoting the Sheiltot and Geonim
מנין הפתילות של שמונת ימי חנוכה שש ושלשים סימן להם ל"ו חכמו. וכתוב בשאלתות דרב אחאי נר חנוכה שהותיר בה שמן מהו צריך לעשות בו, תש' דת"ר נר חנוכה שהותיר בה שמן ביום ראשון מוסיף עליו ומדליקו ביו' ב' ביום השני מוסיף עליו ומדליקו ביום השלישי וכן בשאר הימים אבל אם הותיר ביום השמיני עושה לו מדורה ושורפו בפני עצמו כיון ...
2
The dispensation to practice Kabalah Maasis (Practical Kabbalah) via Sefer Yetzira is codified in Shulchan Aruch (YD 179, based on Sanhedrin 57b). The Shach there (:18) quotes the Levush who states:
[The reason this is permitted is because] they are Holy Names, and Hashem gave them the ability to be able to perform things through the pious and prophets. ...
2
From Wikipedia:
כַּאֲשֶׁר תֵּרוּץ אֶחָד מְתָרֵץ שָׁלוֹשׁ קֻשְׁיוֹת, בִּמְקוֹם
לְהִזְדַּקֵּק בַּעֲבוּרָן לִשְׁלוֹשָׁה תֵּרוּצִים, הוּא הַתֵּרוּץ
הַנָּכוֹן (הרב חיים הלוי סולובייצ'יק)
When a single answer answers three questions, instead of three different answers, it's the right answer. (Rabbi Haim Halevi Solovechik)
הדברים אשר יתבררו מצד הבאת ...
2
As already mentioned in @kouty answer there is an early source for burning the wicks and oil . Just to add the Shulchan Aruch 677:4 codifies this as well. The sefer Shu"t Hashoel volume 3 page 202 brings many answers to the question whether one can throw them into the garbage or rather needs to be specifically burned . It seems that most Poskim hold it ...
1
The sources in note 5 discuss this leniency. They include the aruch hashulchan orach chaim 135:32, shaarei efraim and igrot Moshe.
1
I also seem to remember something along those lines, but I only found sources connecting the sale to Yom Kippur (and not even an actual midrash):
Rambam in Moreh Nevochim (pt. 3, ch. 46):
אבל החכמים ז"ל עשו טעם אחידות כפרת ציבור בשעירים, בגלל חטאת כל עדת ישראל בראשונה בשעיר עזים, כוונתם על מכירת יוסף הצדיק שבפרשתו נאמר וישחטו שעיר עזים וגו'
The ...
1
It is used in 13 Midot of Rabbi Yishmael in the Kal Vachomer "חדא מתרתי".
I think that we have a good example when the Gemara makes a Kal Vachomer from x1 the mild to y the severe to give it a din A. And the Gemara asks a pircha, x1 has a side n1 that is severe and not attributable to y. Perhaps this side causes the din A. So the Gemara try to learn it ...
1
This article compares the PaRDeS method of interpretation to Occam's razor in which the Pshat reading limit to the most modest assumption necessary to resolve exegetical and/or argumentative difficulties.
Curiously, both U. Simon and R. Mordechai Z. Cohen mentions Ibn Ezra approach to pshat as an example of this. U. Simon says (in Four Approaches, p. 180) ...
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