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I heard once in a recording from R. Y.S. Schorr that Shamai represented a middas hadin, an exacting attitude of strict justice (as is evidenced by those very stories). His measuring stick was a display of just that point - everything had to be measured and exactly according to what was deserved.
15
There is no record of the membership of Beis Shammai, or Beis Hillel for that matter. The Babylonian Talmud tells us a bit about Beis Hillel -- e.g. Sukkos 28a and Bava Basra 134a record the number of Hillel's disciples as 80 (see also Yeurshalmi Talmud, Nedarim 39b), and both sources mention two of them by name, Yonasan ben Uzziel and Yochanan ben Zakkai, ...
13
The Tzla'ch in Berachot 26b says the גמרא can't ask on Rebbe Yehoshua ben Levi from a ברייתא because he lived at the end of the Tannayic era and, therefore can argue on a ברייתא
13
The Chassam Sofer seen here s.v. על רגל אחד says that Shammai besides being a Talmid Chacham was also a builder by trade, כי הוא היה תלמיד חכם וגם בנאי באמת הבנין.
The apikores thought that a person must choose between being a good person who interacts with other people kindly, or one can dedicate their life to Hashem as a religious recluse. Shammai wanted ...
13
I thought to answer as follows:
When the Gemara answers that Rav is a tanna, that is when the question is on Rav alone. In this case the question is on a joint statement of Rav and Shmuel. (Whether there is also a concept of "Shmuel is a tanna" as well is subject to debate, but for the sake of this answer let's assume that there isn't.) Thus even if the ...
10
I would argue that both stories are true, and that this is not even particularly surprising.
The Roman historian, Suetonius, mentions the incident with Josephus fairly early in his biography of Vespasian in the context of a host of similar omens and dreams that predicted that Vespasian was destined to become Caesar.
What this tells us is that not only was ...
10
It was R' Masya ben Charash. The Tanchuma (Chukas) relates the story you mention, except it says that he burned his eyes (he didn't stab them). The story is related in the Hebrew Wikipedia article (fn. 14).
10
For more information, I would recommend reading "Paul and Gamliel", in Jacob Neusner and Bruce Chilton (eds.), In Quest of the Historical Pharisees (Baylor University Press, 2007), 175-223 - but especially p208 onwards.
Short answer: nobody named Paul (nor, for that matter, Shaul) ever gets mentioned as a student of this or any other Gamliel, although some ...
10
https://www.yerushalmionline.org/articles/yerushalmi_on_kodshim.pdf Rabbi Yosef Gavriel Bechhofer's terrific article about it.
It was the Yerushalmi on all of Seder Kodshim.
Rabbi Yosef Rosen of Rogachov is the one to whom the one-new-rabbi-per-mesechta story is attributed:
If I'm not mistaken, someone actually did find the Rogachover's note about this in ...
9
Pshat
At the simplest level, he was acting in a manner akin to the zaken mamre or "rebellious elder" (Deuteronomy 17:12). As the Gemara in Sanhedrin explains, a member of the Sanhedrin is allowed, and encouraged, to express a dissenting opinion. However, once the Sanhedrin votes and his opinion is determined to be the minority, he may still:
Personally ...
9
Rashi Shavuos 2b - a bit more than halfway down says that Stam Rabbi Shimon is Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
Rashbam Bava Basra 102a - towards the bottom of the page also says that Stam Rabbi Shimon is Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
8
Depends on what you mean by "Tanna".
Generally, in classic sources, the Anshei K'nesses HaGedola refers to the generation of Ezra and Nechemya that built the new community in Israel. Then Shimon HaTzaddik was the last surviving member of that generation. (This creates some chronology problems, but let's take this as a given anyway.)
The Tannaim is the name ...
8
Rabbi S.R. Hirsch writes that the story cannot be understood like this, because then the vote would be meaningless. He explains that Beis Hillel had been refusing a formal vote, and Beis Shammai on that day gathered outside the building and forcefully prevented Beis Hillel from leaving until a vote was held. Beis Hillel were the majority, but Beis Shammai ...
7
Toldos Tanaim Vamoraim - page 286 says that there is no record of his death anywhere, however he outlived Hillel based on a Gemara in Bava Basra 133b.
7
According to this page on Dafi-Yomi.com, it's Rabbi Chanina ben Hama, a student of Rebbi Yehuda haNasi.
רבי חנינא "סתם" הוא רבי חנינא בר חמא ,
היה תלמידו של רבי יהודה הנשיא
Other sources:
Ohr Yisroel
Virtual BM
7
Although Paul of Tarsus is not mentioned by name, the Talmud in Shabbat 30b has a student of Rabbi Gamliel* who scoffs at his teachings.
Some scholars have suggested that this character might be Paul, but there is really no firm evidence to back this claim. So the answer to your question: no, Paul is not mentioned to be a student of Rabbi Gamliel in the ...
6
Bava Ben Buta was a student of Beis Shammai, however he accepted the ruling of Beis Hillel
והיה שם זקן אחד מתלמידי שמאי הזקן ובבא בן בוטא שמו
(Beitzah 20a)
6
I believe (though I haven't seen my proof quoted in any sefer1) that "יוסי" is a derivative of "יוסף."
See the Gemara Bava Metzia, 117a (last few narrow lines), where there is a discussion about a leak in a multi-story apartment building, whether the guy living on the bottom (who is getting damaged by the water) needs to repair it, or if the guy on top (...
6
in chovos halevavos gate 9 ch.5
Do so in your heart and mind if you are unable to free your body to
matters of the next world due to being so fully engaged with providing
for your livelihood and maintenance, as our Rabbis mentioned on many
(great men), who would toil in matters of this world, while being
separate from it (in heart and mind), such ...
6
Shortly before the year 70, Jerusalem was surrounded by Roman troops. Raban Yochanan ben Zakai attempted to negotiate a surrender with the Romans. He recognized there was no realistic outcome in which Jewish self-rule remained over Jerusalem. He was opposed by Jewish religious terrorists known as the Sicarii (Latin for "dagger people") who wanted ...
6
From here it would appear that there are 277 Tannaim and 1,292 Amoraim mentioned in the Talmudic-Midrashic literature. (Note: A number of Amoraim, e.g. Rav [Abba Arika] is also considered a Tanna according to some gemarot.)
6
Yes. The last Mishna of Yebamot, as Rabbi Akiva testimonies, Nechemia Ish Bet Deli, a student of Rabban Gamliel Hazaken was in Bavel, in the city of Nehardea, there was a communication between Bavel and Erets Israel, at least in times of peace:
טז,ו [ז] אמר רבי עקיבה, כשירדתי לנהרדעא לעבר את השנה, מצאני נחמיה איש בית דלי; אמר לי, שמעתי שאין משיאין את האישה ...
6
There is another gemara where Rav is refuted from a beraita, and the gemara does not answer that Rav is a tanna who can argue.
Take a look at Menachot 5a (today's page in the Daf Yomi cycle!). Rav is of the opinion that an asham metzora (a leper's guilt offering) which has been slaughtered shelo lishmo (with the intent that it not be an asham metzora but ...
6
1) Rabban Yochanan ben Zakai was almost certainly Nasi for some time after the destruction of the Second Temple. Per the Iggeret of Rav Shrira Gaon (written 987CE):
"ולא מצאנו אדם שנקרא "רבן" חוץ מן הנשיאים רבן גמליאל, רבן שמעון, רבן יוחנן בן זכאי, רבנו הקדוש."
My Translation:
and we haven't found anyone who gets the honorific "rabban" outside of ...
5
The questioner's objection to both accounts being true is that Vespasian would not have been indebted to Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakkai if Josephus had already predicted his rise to power.
Of course, it wasn't necessarily a function of "being indebted". What was needed was that Vespasian be sufficiently impressed, and thus be merciful.
It's therefore ...
5
The Maharsha there s.v. על רגל אחת explains that Shamai was, in the two accounts in which he was holding the construction cubit (as he was not reported to be holding it in the first account), showing the questioner some important element of his response.
The fellow who asked to be taught the entire Torah on one foot was being shown that just as a building ...
5
The מגיד תעלומה suggests that you cannot say that רבי אבא is רב in this case, because further on רב is quoted by רב חננאל as taking a different view.
The יפה תלמוד ג"ח suggests that in this case, רבינו is רבינו הקדוש for the same reason - רב being quoted further on as contradicting this din.
The עטרת שאול discusses this at length, suggesting different ...
5
The discussion is indeed Dr. Aumann's discussion on Kesuvos 93a regarding the man who dies with insufficient funds to pay for his three wives' Kesubos. He claims to be the first to come up with this theory, but I think Rashi figured it out first. He theorizes as follows: First, award equally amongst all parties until one receives half of his claim. Then ...
5
The way that you translated it might seem to indicate that R. Chanina was reading the Beraita. However, we can challenge your translation. You appear to have rendered the word קרא as a verb meaning that R. Chanina was reading. However, we know from elsewhere in the Talmud that the word קרא is actually part of R. Chanina's name/title. In Taanit 27b we find:
...
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