New answers tagged capital-punishment
3
This question was asked by many authorities. For example, the Chacham Tzvi § 49.
He says that there are those that suggest it was because of their intellectual maturity. Even though they were minors, they were mentally responsible for their actions like an adult. The Dovev Mesharim ed. of the Chacham Tzvi points to the Sefer Chassidim (Makitzei Nirdamim ed.,...
11
This exact question was asked by the Tosafist R. Yehuda Ben Elazar in his commentary to Genesis 38:10:
וא"ת למה נענשו ער ואונן והלא לא היו אלא בני ח' שנה כדאי' בסדר עולם ואמרי' בית דין של מעלה אין מענישין עד כ' שנה ותירץ ר' יהודה החסיד דאין הדבר תלוי אלא בדעת ובמחשבה כי יש פחות מי"ג שנה ערום בדעת ובמחשבה לרעה או לטובה
Why were Er and Onan punished? ...
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In Kallah Rabasi 4:6
it mentions the fact that Er and Onan were punished by heavenly court, followed by the fact that children can reach lofty levels. The Nachlas Yaakov, a commentary printed on the side there in the Gemara, writes that the connection between the two points of the Brasisa, is to answer your question. The reason why these children were ...
2
I think the answer can come from a fundamental appreciation of the genre of the Talmudic derasha. The purpose was homiletic, to exhort the masses and inspire them, rather than to be a valid kal vachomer.
Your question indeed comes out of the very text of the gemara in Arachin
תניא א"ר אלעזר בן פרטא בוא וראה כמה גדול כח של לשון הרע מנלן ממרגלים ומה המוציא ...
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Toch K'dei dibbur is the definition of "immediate", and all activity within toch kdei dibbur is considered simultaneous. Anything which happens after this time is grouped together as "at a later time". We do not have any "medium-term" time frame. Therefore, if the act was within Toch Kdei Dibbur, it was "at the same time/immediate" to the warning, while if ...
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In Kesubos 33a Rava says that warning has to be done toch kedei dibbur (within several seconds) so that we know the perpetrator did not forget the warning and act erroneously:
אמר רבא תדע ניתרי בהו אימת ניתרי בהו מעיקרא אמרי אישתלין
Rashi and Yad Rema in Sanhedrin 40b quote this reason as well:
המית בתוך כדי דיבור כדי שאילת שלום להתראה דאי לאחר כדי ...
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