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I would say "maybe" or "it depends" to both. In Gittin 56b-57a there's a story in which Onkelos bar Kalonikos, the nephew of Titus, wishes to convert to Judaism, but before that, consults three evil …

As @TamirEvan stated in the comments, Ben-Sira appears a few times in the Talmud, for example: Sanhedrin 100b: "The verse states: “All the days of the poor are terrible” (Proverbs 15:15). The book of …

Rambam writes in his Introduction to The Mishnah: Afterwards, he [Rabbi Yehudah HaNasi] divided the material in the Order of Women [Nashim]. And he started with Tractate Yevamot (Levirate Marriages); …

According to Dr. Michael Higger in Otzar Habaraitot, vol. 8 (my translation): "And so we should also note that in a few places we find that the Talmud, when writing "and it was taught in a baraita [v …

I found this book yesterday in my yeshiva's library. It seems like an interesting book. In any case, the book describes his technique at length, but there's one specific chapter called "סדר הלימוד בקי …

The design is from the gate-page (also known as Daf Shaar or Shaar Blatt) of the Romm Press's famous Shas Vilna: (From an original Vilna Brachot. Source) The design is sometimes simply known as "the …

According to the gemara in Rosh Hashanah 21a, Yom Kippur was known in Babylon as "Yoma Rabbah" - The Great Day: "רַב נַחְמָן יְתֵיב בְּתַעֲנִיתָא כּוּלֵּיהּ יוֹמֵי דְּכִיפּוּרֵי לְאוּרְתָּא אֲתָא הָה …

It doesn't appear to be from the Talmud. According to John Hruschka, "Carlyle's Rabbinical Hero: Teufelsdröckh and the Midrashic Tradition", Carlyle Annual 13 (1992/1993), pp. 102-103, it appears to b …

I recommend studying the entire tractate. The majority of it does, in fact, discuss actual idolatry. For example: MISHNA: And these are the festivals of gentiles: Kalenda, Saturnalia, and Kratesis, a …

Following @Yahu's suggestion, I'll summarize Urbach's analysis of the editors of the tosfot of the different masechtot: Brachot - An unknown Ashkenazi (Germanic) scholar who personally knew Rabbi Mos …

Here is the relevant text from Josephus (Antiquities of the Jews, Book 20, ch. 2): "About this time it was that Helena, queen of Adiabene, and her son Izates, changed their course of life, and embrac …

According to Genesis 2:15, Man was placed in the Garden to take care of it, so he was apparently its first keeper. Later, after Adam and Chavah are kicked out of the Garden, guards were placed at the …

As @DoubleAA wrote in the comments, it's from the gemara in Sanhedrin. The same quote appears in two places in the gemara: Sanhedrin 98b and 99a: "ר' הילל אומר אין להם משיח לישראל שכבר אכלוהו בימי חז …

According to Rabbi Prof. Yoel Elitzur in his essay on this question, the Bavli's understanding seems to come from the list of cities in Divrei Hayamim, where it says, for example (1:6:42): "וְלִבְנֵי …

Hi and welcome to Mi Yodeya! In this case it's Rabbi Yochanan bar Napacha, and the way to tell is simple: Rabbi Yochanan speaks here in the name of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai, who lived a few generations …