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The Midrash Tanchuma Chukas (18) records the episode when Moshe descended the mountain following Aaron's death
אִם אַתֶּם מְבִיאִין אוֹתוֹ, מוּטָב. וְאִם לָאו, נִסְקֹל אֶתְכֶם - If you bring him to us [Aaron's body], then good. If not, then we will stone you.
What did Moshe do to warrant stoning? (If they thought Moshe killed Aaron, there were no valid witnesses to allow for the death sentence)
The (linked) Midrash Tanchumah says as follows:
אמְרוּ לָהֶם, הֵיכָן אַהֲרֹן. אָמְרוּ לָהֶם, מֵת. אָמְרוּ לָהֶם, הֵיאַךְ מַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת יָכֹל לִפְגֹּעַ בּוֹ, אָדָם שֶׁעָמַד בְּמַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת וַעֲצָרוֹ, דִּכְתִיב: וַיַּעֲמֹד בֵּין הַמֵּתִים וּבֵין הַחַיִּים וַתֵּעָצֵר הַמַּגֵּפָה (במדבר יז, יג). אִם אַתֶּם מְבִיאִין אוֹתוֹ, מוּטָב. וְאִם לָאו, נִסְקֹל אֶתְכֶם
When they [Moshe and Elazar] descended from the mountain, they said to them, "Where is Aharon?", They said "He died", They said to them "How can The angel of death have touched him?!!, He is the person who stopped the angel of Death, as it states "And he [Aharon] stood between the live and the dead, and the plauge stopped, (Bamidbar 17:13), If you bring him good, if not we will stone you!"
We see from the context, that they did not suspect that Moshe killed Aharon, but rather that Aharon was still alive, and that Moshe had "kidnapped" him.
It may be that the "stoning" which they threatened Moshe with, was not necesarrily by any halachic law of Moshe being deserving of the death penalty of stoning, but in their rage and fury, they threatened him with stoning.
