What qualities are necessary in a halachic wrapping?

Question

There are occasions, e.g. a mezuza in a sometimes-unbecoming environment, in which we're required to cover a holy object with one or two wrappings to separate it from various environmental elements. What are the necessary qualities of these wrappings?

• Do they need to be opaque? If so how opaque? (At the extreme, would clear plastic work?)

• Do they need to be watertight or airtight, or can they be porous? If the latter, how large can the holes be? (At the extreme, would a loose net bag work?)

• Do they need to be durable? (At the extreme, would tissue paper work?)

Answer 1

I believe what you are referring to is the concept of kis b'toch kis or a 'pocket within a pocket'. This is a halachic wrapping for words of Torah, tefillin, siddurim, sifrei Torah, etc. being brought into a situation of uncleanliness like a bathroom.

The halachot are as follows (this is all based on learning from my Rabbi, so I don't have sources for you, sorry...):

• You must have 2 separate coverings aside from the items usual covering (ie. a tefillin bag)
  • An exception to this rule is while traveling, where you may rely on a single covering in addition to the item's usual covering (tefilling in tefillin bag in backpack)
• One of the coverings may be clear, but one of them must opaque to the point which one cannot make out the text written underneath it.
  • For example in the Yeshiva where I learned the Mezuzot are all in clear plastic cases, but the ones which are in eye-shot of the bathroom are also wrapped in printer paper so as to prevent them from 'seeing' the bathroom.
• There is no distinction as far as porous vs. non-porous for this matter. Regarding the size of the holes, this would relate to the clear/non-clear issue and perhaps to whether or not it is majority holes or majority material.
• As far as I know there is no qualification of durability.

There is another situation to which you may be referring to, and that is burial of semi-geniza items (ie. photo-copies of Torah sources, but not things written on parchment) or items that may not be thrown out (such as a kezayit of bread). Regarding these items they should be double wrapped if using a porous material (such as paper or a napkin) and may be single wrapped if using a non-porous material (ie. a plastic bag). (Again this is learned directly from my Rabbi, so sorry for the lack of sources...)

Answer 2

I believe the answer to your question depends on the context and requirements.

For cooking for example, it can't be porous, for tumah, it can, but it has to be a Kli. For a mezuzah it can be transparent, but has to be weatherproof, for Challah it can't, as it has to be hidden. For "coverings" like the shemah or tachanun all you need is something physical of any nature that isn't your body. But you asked about a wrapping, not a covering.

Sof'b'sof, I imagine that a halachic wrapping is anything which fulfills the requirements of the wrapping. That is, if the purpose of the wrapping is to prevent sight, then it just has to be opaque without giving a hint as to what is behind it. If the purpose of the wrapping is to keep it clean, then it must prevent dirt, (such as saran wrap). However, I defer to any brisker types out there, who might have a particular hebrew or aramaic word for wrapping and what it is defined by, and which mitzvot it applies to.