In general, the conventional division of the books of Tanach into chapters is not based on Jewish tradition but on Christian invention. However, there are some books of Tanach in which various practices that I've seen seem to take the conventional chapter divisions into account, such as:
Reading a Psalm (i.e. chapter of Tehillim) as a unit, either as part of formal liturgy or as informal prayer.
In public readings of all five Megillot, singing a concluding flourish at the ends of chapters.
Are the conventional chapter breaks in Tehillim, any of the Megillot, or any other complete book of Tanach entirely consistent with a Jewish tradition for breaking up that book?