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Prayer, in general, is compared to the sacrifices that were offered in the Temple, as alluded to in Hoshea 14:3.

But, halacha distinguishes between the prayers of an individual (תפלה ביחיד) and the prayers of the community (תפלה בצבור).

Do these different types of prayer relate to different types of sacrifices and if so, how?

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    Well, there are individual (קרבן יחיד) and communal (קרבן ציבור) sacrifices too. How precise a correspondence are you looking for?
    – Double AA ♦
    Nov 30, 2015 at 18:48
  • If you have sources, I'm open to hear about both. It seems relevant and worth knowing.
    – Yaacov Deane
    Nov 30, 2015 at 19:07
  • Somewhat related. I heard a shiur years ago, possibly from R' Doniel Landers(?) who said a chidush and IIRC said Rav Soleveitchik had said this idea. It mashes up the gemara a bit so double check the gemara before deciding if you like it or not. The quite amida is what the gemara refers to when saying the amid a was nisaken kineged the avos. The chazaras hashatz is kineged the public communal offering. I know this isn't exactly what you were looking for, but once you're on the subject.....
    – user6591
    Nov 30, 2015 at 19:19
  • @user6591: I'm assuming from your reference to the Avot (Avraham, Yitzchok and Yaacov) that you are making the connection to Shacharit, Mincha and Ma'ariv. But they didn't have a korban at night.
    – Yaacov Deane
    Nov 30, 2015 at 19:36
  • That works out well. We only have chazzaras hashatz by shacharis and mincha, kineged the two karban tamid. The fact that we have three silent amidos is kineged the three avos.
    – user6591
    Nov 30, 2015 at 19:38

2 Answers 2

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Rav Yosef Dov Ber Soloveitchik mentions this topic in the essay פסוקי דזמרה in volume 2 of שעורים לזכר אבא מרי ז״ל (pages 36-38). He asks:

  1. Since we say that required prayer (תפילת חובה) corresponds to bringing the tamid offering (קרבן תמיד), and the latter must come from all Israel, how could it be that a minyan that does not include all of Israel bring such an offering?
  2. Even stronger than question 1: how could an individual bring a communal offering?
  3. How could it be that each minyan brings a tamid, when we only need one tamid for all Israel?

To put it simply, he explains that all the prayers of all minyanim and all obligatory prayers of individuals combine into one tamid for all of Israel. He contrasts this to a voluntary prayer (תפילת נדבה) of an individual, which is an individual offering (קרבן יחיד) "from beginning to end".

So to answer your question, according to Rav Soloveitchik, both communal prayers and individual obligatory prayers correspond to the tamid offering, whereas voluntary prayers of an individual correspond to individual offerings. See the essay itself for textual support for his assertion, and more nuance/details.

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  • Good answer. Too bad it isn't in English for those who could benefit.
    – Yaacov Deane
    Nov 28, 2017 at 17:26
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Different prayers were made to represent different offerings, but how the prayer is said or with a minyan (quorum) or not does not change what the prayer was created to represent. [there is such a thing as a tiffilot neduva (a voluntary prayer) that represents the karbon neduvah (voluntary offering)

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