Are Bnei Noach normally allowed to take part in any of the liturgy in Orthodox synagogues? For example: responding to Torah blessings, singing Adon Olam, reciting Kaddish (except Mourner's Kaddish), etc. Obviously there would be no Aliyah. What are normally the rules regarding Noachide participation?
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The source would probably be the way we treat a "Ger Toshav" as that is the closest equivalent. Refer to: judaism.stackexchange.com/questions/19145/what-is-a-ger-toshav– CashCowOct 19, 2015 at 11:39
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I read the link, CC. It does not address this issue.– Lawrence VoltzOct 19, 2015 at 13:47
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You might as well ask can any non-Jew answer amen to a bracha. Do you mean singing Adon Olam with the rest of the congregation or leading it? I do not understand what you mean by reciting kaddish. I think you need to make yourself clearer.– sabbahillelOct 19, 2015 at 15:38
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1Possible duplicate of Can a gentile pray in a synagogue?– DanFOct 19, 2015 at 16:56
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Re - "reciting Kaddish (except Mourner's Kaddish)" - 1 - I think Gentiles CAN recite Mourner's Kaddish (there may be a MY question about that; have to hunt.) 2- All other types of Kaddish are recited by the chazzan who must be Jewish.– DanFOct 19, 2015 at 17:27
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1 Answer
After seeing the specific question asked at the end of the comments section, (see there) i see no reason why a Ben Noach would not be allowed to join in Adon Olam or answering Amen to any blessing, which is like saying "I agree."
Answering Kaddish seems to be the same. In Aleinu, we look forward to the messianic times when every person will accept the Oneness of haShem. Why not say it a few years (or days!) early?
As for saying those parts of davening (prayer) that come from Tehillim (Psalms), I think it would be alright.
As for making some blessings, it would seem not. Certainly (1)those that say "kiddishanu"(He has commanded us) or (2)in the Amidah, which starts with "...G-d of our fathers," which would not be true. This has been discussed in responsa and Halacha regarding (1) a woman taking a lulav&etrog; &(2) a Ger Tzedek & has been decided that (1) the custom has been established that women do this mitzvah so she can say "He commanded us" and (2) a Ger is like a newborn (Jewish) child and should say "Our father"(and not skip the phrase). Both these don't apply to a non-Jew. It would seem that a non-Jew could say blessings that are praises (for food, Asher Yatzar, most morning blessings, etc.)
Rav Moshe Feinstein, Ztz"l, Igros Moshe, 2/25, states that a non-Jew is not commanded to pray but if he chooses to pray, he would receive reward like one who is "eino Metzuveh v'oseh,"(not required but volunteers). With that in mind, saying the Amidah seems appropriate as long as one would skip the phrase "G-d of our fathers."
answered Dec 10, 2015 at 4:20
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