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This M.Y. answer states that one can daven Mincha until the stars appear. This answer states that it is also the earliest time to daven Ma'ariv.

Someone enters a shul which gets a late start on Mincha and they daven during twi-light. They will daven Ma'ariv immediately after Mincha. The person daven's the mincha silent Shmoneh Esreh (weekday). As soon as he finishes, he remembers that he had already davened mincha earlier in the day.

Since he davened the 2nd mincha at the time that's eligible for Ma'ariv, and it's the same (weekday) Shmoneh Esreh, does he need to say it again, or can this accidental extra Shmoneh Esreh count for Ma'ariv?

I mentioned here that he is davening with a congregation, so, perhaps there is a specific halacha that he needs to daven Shmoneh Esreh with the congregation. Is there any difference in halacha if he were davening at home and the same scenario occurred?

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Mishchas Shemen volume 2:123 asks this exact question. He concludes that he has to Daven Maariv again.

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    +1 for the interesting source. Though, it seems that there were various opinions debated on this in S.A. and Chayei Adam among others. Minchas Shemen does offer a "clever compromise". BTW, the scenario I mentioned happened to me, last night. However, while I only analyzed it today, I HAD to daven Ma'ariv anyway as it included Ya'aleh Veyavo.
    – DanF
    Jun 17, 2015 at 14:59
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    If one forgets Yaaleh Veyavo at Maariv on Rosh Chodesh there is no need to Daven again thus that should not be a factor.
    – Gershon Gold
    Jun 17, 2015 at 15:04
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    While I didn't mention that in my prev. comment, I did think of what you just mentioned. However, I think that's bedi'eved. Perhaps, since you SHOULD be saying Ya'aleh Veyavo it actually MAY be a factor. Thus, you may need to daven Ma'ariv in this scenario according to all opinions.
    – DanF
    Jun 17, 2015 at 15:17

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