If one needs to daven shacharis at a super-early (i.e., post-dawn but pre-sunrise) minyan, what is the correct procedure for putting on Tallis and Tefillin? At what point are they put on, and which berachos/pesukim are recited?
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This is a very timely question for this week. Can one say the brachos on tefillin after Baruch Sh'amar?– TzviNov 1, 2010 at 2:05
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We covered much of the zemanim recently, but I'm not sure where.– YDKNov 1, 2010 at 2:13
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Isn't this what the vasikin themselves did every day?– WAFNov 2, 2010 at 0:30
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The vasikin (and those who daven ke-vasikin) presumably started pesukei d'zimra after the z'man of tallis/tafillin (i.e. misheyakir). My question concerns one who is forced by circumstances to start earlier than that.– DaveNov 2, 2010 at 2:00
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2 Answers
I have been having this experience for a while. Before answering any of the above, be advised that my Rav paskened for me that if I have time to daven later individually, I should not daven with a minyan that says birchos krias shema/shema before misheyakir.
Talis can be put on at any time with the bracha said after misheyakir (This is the general custom acc. with the GRA- Shulchan Aruch O.C. 18:3; M.B. 10) We don't interupt pesukei d'zimra for this bracha (S.A.-O.C 53:3), but you can say the bracha between yishtabach and kadish (but, surprisingly, not between kadish and barchu!) (Rema S.A. O.C. 54:2) If you accidentally said the beracha early, you don't repeat it and rely on those who say night is included for tzitzis (night beged is excluded).
Tefilin is a big debate. The consensus is that you can put the tefilin on if you must get up early to go somewhere. Acc. to those who say it's not time for tefilin, you just don't have a mitzva until misheyakir. Acc. to those who say that Chazal forbade it because of a suspicion that the wearer would fall asleep, this case Chazal allowed because the reasoning didn't apply.
The debate comes on the bracha: One shittah (Rabbeinu Peretz) apparently holds of the 2nd approach above- it's time for tefilin and Chazal permitted putting them on early, so you can make a bracha. This is the "official minhag" in my minyan (they only announce talis after misheyakir).
Most poskim (Shulchan Aruch 30:3; Aruch haShulchan 30:5; et al.) I have seen say to make a bracha after misheyakir. (See procedure for Talis) (Mishna Berura 53:6; Aruch haShulchan 53:2- though I have seen sources for making the bracha between paragraphs of pesukei dezimra). If you made the bracha too early, you can rely on the previous shittah and do not repeat it.
The custom is to make some minor usage of the talis (Shulchan Aruch O.C 18:3) and tefilin (30:3) before the bracha (memashmesh)
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Thanks, great summary. It still isn't clear to me how one should act if he waits to make the bracha on tefillin. He should just say L'Haniyach and Al Mitzvas and Baruch Shem one after the other? How does the custom of being "memashmesh" fit into that scheme? And what about the other pesukim (u'mechochmoshcha etc.)?– DaveNov 1, 2010 at 4:33
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1Yes, they come one after the other the same way the bracha on your tefilin right after tzitzis. I can only think that memashmesh is focusing on the tefilin before saying the brachos. You would be memashmesh both before lehaniach and the shel Rosh for al mitzvas. Although baruch shem is just icing on the cake (l'ravcha d'milsa), since it is for a dvar mitzva, it is no different than the other divrei mitzvah that were done between yishtabach and yotzer. The other pesukim - I don't know why you shouldn't be able to say them when you first put on the tefilin, even if you don't make a bracha.– YDKNov 1, 2010 at 6:29
We don't interrupt pesukei d'zimra for this bracha (S.A.-O.C 53:3), but you can say the bracha between yishtabach and kadish (but, surprisingly, not between kadish and barchu!)
Note that the Rama says the Shaliach Tzibbur says the bracha before Yishtabach
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2Welcome to Mi Yodeya. I edited your answer to add in a link to the page of Shulchan Aruch you referred to. By the way, are you the Joel Rich? torahmusings.com/author/jrich– AlexOct 26, 2018 at 1:51
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2I don’t know if I am “the” joel rich but I am “that” joel rich :-). Kt Oct 26, 2018 at 20:18