Are you allowed to vote inside a church? (Answers supplying sources would be preferred, as always.)
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2This is a sub-branch off the "yes" branch of the question "may one enter a church?" which I believe id very context-dependent. I.e. there have been times and places where communities very strictly forbade it for societal reasons and others in which Jews were not permitted to vote so it was a moot point. So for practical advice be sure to consult your local competent legal authority.– WAFMay 20, 2012 at 16:16
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@gershon gold ,Igros Moshe OC4:40:26 writes that children to play basketball in a church is assur and one should teach his children to distance themselves from such things even if there are no pictures of idolatry.– samOct 30, 2013 at 0:24
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1Remember that, if you prefer to vote in advance, you might be able to cast an advance vote in a place other than a church. Contact your local elections official for details.– unforgettableidSupportsMonicaDec 18, 2015 at 16:49
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See: seforim.blogspot.com/2017/03/….– mevaqeshMar 21, 2017 at 5:32
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R Asher Weiss permits if there is a genuine need and it is clear it is not for worship, see en.tvunah.org/2017/07/21/…– mblochOct 16, 2018 at 7:24
2 Answers
According to this answer at the Institute for Dayanim (an organization I had not previously heard of), voting in a church, not in the sanctuary, is permitted if that's your only option, but you should try to avoid it if you can. They don't address how far you need to go to avoid it (e.g. do you have to leave town for the day so you can use an absentee ballot instead?).
They write:
With regard to entering the basement of a Church for purposes of voting, see Teshuvos V’hanhugos 2:410 and Chai Ha’Levi 4:63, who both write that one can enter the basement for purposes of voting, providing there is nowhere else to vote. However, the case of voting is special, because it is known to all that the place is used for voting, as the poskim mention.
Note that many poskim write with great stringency about entering a Church, and Rashba expresses doubt even concerning entering in cases of pikuach nefesh (under such circumstances, however, Rosh explicitly permits entering). For a leading Sefardi ruling, see (at length) Yabia Omer, vol, 2, Yoreh De’ah no. 11. See also: Birchei Yosef 149:2, Darchei Teshuva 150:2, Igros Moshe 3:129, Minchas Elazar 1:53-3, Yechaveh Da’as 4:45, Binyan Tziyon 1:63, Shearim Metzuyanim B’Halacha 167:9, Rivevos Ephraim 3:496-497.
On distancing oneself from a church in general, they cite: Rema Yoreh De’ah 149:2; Iggros Moshe 3:129; Shulchan Aruch Yoreh De’ah 150 and Darchei Teshuva 150:2; Chai Ha’Levi 4:63.
As long as you don't go into the main sanctuary there should not be a problem.
There is a makhloket poskim as to whether belief in the trinity is forbidden only for a Jew. Many say a non-Jew may follow these tenets since belief in the omnipotent G-d is still present.
However, it is forbidden for a Jew to enter the sanctuary of the church, i.e. where the actual prayer services are held. As it is a marit ayyin as it could be interpreted as identification with the philosophy. However, it is permitted to enter other rooms in a church for non-religious purposes.
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@sam Perhaps he means 4 amot from the sanctuary room. You're not going to forbid entering an airport because they have a chapel somewhere in the building.– Double AA ♦Jul 26, 2012 at 15:51
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The only problem with the first line of the answer is I have seen churches have a sanctuary that is a "multi-use" room and is reconfigured for voting.– DennisOct 29, 2013 at 16:40
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1@Dennis That's not a problem with the first line of the answer. It just means that entering that room to vote would be prohibited.– Double AA ♦Oct 29, 2013 at 16:42
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1I would add that there is an out here in Texas. If I participate in early voting, I do not have to vote at the voting place designated for my precinct, I can vote at the local county courthouse annex instead. So if my regular voting spot is a church, I just go to the courthouse.– DennisOct 29, 2013 at 22:03