Many have the custom to make a seder for Tu Bishvat. When Tu Bishvat is on Shabbos as it is this year, when is the optimal time to make the seder? If as part one of the three Shabbos meals, which one? If as a separate seder, in between which meals?
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Related– yoelJan 24, 2013 at 19:43
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1And during the week, is it part of the meal or a seperate Seder?– Gershon GoldJan 24, 2013 at 20:51
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din.org.il/2013/01/21/…– Gershon GoldJan 24, 2013 at 20:54
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@GershonGold based on that link, it's then a question of whether it should be during the night meal or afterwards.– yoelJan 24, 2013 at 21:14
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Although the link has no real source for the timeframe.– Gershon GoldJan 24, 2013 at 21:27
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2 Answers
Sefer Nitei Gavriel says that on Shabbos we have fruits at each of the three seudahs; he notes that it should be after the regular courses are served in order not to diminish one's appetite for the Shabbos seudah.
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Is this addressing the seder of Tu bshevat which consists of 4 cups of wine,or just when to eat fruit?– samFeb 10, 2017 at 2:28
For the general question of whether the Tu B'Shvat Seder should take place by night or day, see here. Of note is the Chemdas Yamim, the earliest source for the Seder (by incorporating the Pri Etz Hadar), who uses the term בעצם היום הזה which generally implies daytime.
However, the Sefer Mo'ed L'Kol Chai (by R. Chaim Palagi), in section 30:7, says: ליל ט״ו בשבט ר״ה לאילנות ונהגו רוב תפוצות ישראל לסדר בשלחן מכל פירות. Further, he writes in 30:8: "There are those who teach their young students all 15 Songs [of ascension, the Shir HaMaalos] in order that they'll be able to teach it at their father's table on the night of Tu B'Shvat". Likewise, the Even Yisrael brings a number of sources that it should ideally be held at night (and some for the day). Last but not least, in the Kitvei Ramchal it is referred to as the סְעוּדַת לֵיל ט״וֹ בִּשְׁבָט.
In regards to your question, R. David Sassoon (d. 1864) writes of the Jews in Baghdad in his מסע בבל (in מהדורת מ. בניהו, ירושלים תשט"ו, עמ' רכ"ו) that on Shabbat the Seder is held during the day since the Jews aren't accustomed to leave their homes on Friday night. To quote:
ליל ט"ו בשבט. מביאים כל מיני פירות, טריים ויבשים, המצויים בעיר, ומניחים על השולחן ועורכים מסיבה וקוראים על כל מין ומין מקרא, משנה ובו מספר פרי עץ הדר. וגם חל בשבת עושים את סדר ט"ו בשבט ביום, מפני שבליל שבת אין רגילים לילך חוץ לביתם.
However, it should be noted that he is reporting that custom based on the local custom in Baghdad for Jews not to leave their homes at night. One could certainly argue that in other situations, the default proper time - evening - would be optimal.
