Rashi (Vayikra 16:8) says:
Azazel: This is a strong and hard mountain, [with] a high cliff, as the Scripture says [in describing Azazel] (verse 22 below),“a precipitous land (אֶרֶץ גְּזֵרָה),” meaning a cut-off land [i.e., a sheer drop]. — [Torath Kohanim 16:28; Yoma 67b]
If Azazel refers to a mountain in Eretz Yisrael, where was goat sent before we entered Eretz Yisrael?