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Throughout the construction of the Mishkan (Tabernacle) and Bigdei Kodesh (holy clothing for the Kohanim), they use a mix of red, blue, and purple wool (plus [white?] linen, and in the case of the clothing, gold thread as well).

I'm sure there are several easy and obvious answers here, but for the sake of acknowledging the question (which I'm sure some kids must have asked):

If you're already mixing red and blue thread, then why the purple thread? Wouldn't it look purplish anyhow?

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    How fine was the thread? If it was thicker, it would give the color more 'texture'.
    – Double AA ♦
    Feb 27, 2012 at 19:51
  • @DoubleAA, that's certainly one possible answer. I just wanted to hear what people thought about it.
    – Shalom
    Feb 27, 2012 at 19:58
  • If techelet was blueish-purple, argaman was reddish-purple and shani was reddish-orange (as is currently the best academic guesses) then the mix of colors isn't redundant at all
    – Double AA ♦
    Sep 30, 2022 at 21:32
  • In truth, Argaman is a red or orange. See this article by @ravchaimhaqoton groups.google.com/g/whats-in-a-word/c/nwouYi-B4Bc/m/…
    – N.T.
    Sep 30, 2022 at 22:22

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Even if the threads are fairly fine (and we don't know if they were), two colors plied together still looks like two colors, not the combined color. Thread is not like paint. Now even if at the usual viewing distance most people would see it as the combined color, it would not look that way close up, like to the kohein wearing the garment or tending to the curtains.

Also, as Gershon Gold noted, the red and blue might not be the right shades to produce the intended purple.

No sources here, just personal experience with weaving.

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R' Hirsch (e.g. in the long comment at the end of Ex. 25:1-8) takes the four types of thread used in Mishkan construction to represent four basic aspects of life that we humans need to strive to perfect within ourselves and unify in the service of God:

  • Linen, from the flax plant = Vegetative - consumption and reproduction

  • Wool dyed red with worm blood = Animal - movement

  • Wool dyed royal purple = Human - knowledge, will, and effort

  • Wool dyed sky blue = Godly - bonding with God, spirituality

Regardless of just how the juxtaposition of colors looked to the observer, an informed observer would, when encountering the holy objects made of this mixture, be sure to have the appropriate intentions regarding self-perfection in mind, and would use the symbolism present in the threads as a mnemonic that reinforces those intentions.

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    Waving a white, red, purple, and blue flag in front of a R' Hirsch fan is like waving a red flag in front of a bull (the symbol of devoting one's power to work hard to the service of God, by the way).
    – Isaac Moses ♦
    Feb 28, 2012 at 2:26
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The strings where mixed not just to get the desired color. Each detail in mishkan has its deep meaning about how G-d rules our world and so on. It's like asking: "Why we take 3 hadasim on Sukkos, one is already green enough?".

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    that's certainly possible as well. I suppose the question could be rephrased: "does the added purple impart any aesthetic advantage to the average viewer?"
    – Shalom
    Feb 27, 2012 at 21:54
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See translation Verse 4: Greenish-blue [wool], dark red [wool], crimson [wool], fine linen, and goats [hair].

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    Then what's "tolaat shani"?
    – Shalom
    Feb 27, 2012 at 20:23

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