Since Hashem is not restricted by time, when are the heavenly decrees made? From the beginning of time? Every Rosh Hashanah? In real-time, i.e. whenever necessary?
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3וַיֹּ֤אמֶר פַּרְעֹה֙ אֶל־יוֹסֵ֔ף אַחֲרֵ֨י הוֹדִ֧יעַ אֱלֹהִ֛ים אוֹתְךָ֖ אֶת־כׇּל־זֹ֑את אֵין־נָב֥וֹן וְחָכָ֖ם כָּמֽוֹךָ Apparently God told Yosef before Paroh said that, even though God is "above time".– Double AA ♦Commented Sep 7, 2023 at 18:20
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Interesting point @DoubleAA– ShababnikCommented Sep 7, 2023 at 20:18
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1Since Hashem is not restricted by time, maybe it is all one thing from His perspective so there is no real difference?– Moses SupposesCommented Dec 26, 2023 at 11:53
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On Rosh Hashana, we all pass in front of Him like sheep. If this happens within time, we understand it. If it happens outside of time, who could understand it?– Rabbi KaiiCommented Sep 26 at 14:00
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2 Answers
Bavli RH 16a records four Tanaitic opinions:
דְּתַנְיָא א) הַכֹּל נִידּוֹנִים בָּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וּגְזַר דִּין שֶׁלָּהֶם נֶחְתָּם בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר ב) רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר הַכֹּל נִידּוֹנִין בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וּגְזַר דִּין שֶׁלָּהֶם נֶחְתָּם כׇּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד בִּזְמַנּוֹ בַּפֶּסַח עַל הַתְּבוּאָה בַּעֲצֶרֶת עַל פֵּירוֹת הָאִילָן בֶּחָג נִידּוֹנִין עַל הַמַּיִם וְאָדָם נִידּוֹן בְּרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה וּגְזַר דִּין שֶׁלּוֹ נֶחְתָּם בְּיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים ג) רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר אָדָם נִידּוֹן בְּכׇל יוֹם שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר {איוב ז':י"ח} וַתִּפְקְדֶנּוּ לִבְקָרִים ד) רַבִּי נָתָן אוֹמֵר אָדָם נִידּוֹן בְּכׇל שָׁעָה שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר {איוב ז':י"ח} לִרְגָעִים תִּבְחָנֶנּוּ.
As it is taught in a baraita:
All are judged on Rosh HaShana, and their sentence is sealed on Yom Kippur; this is the statement of Rabbi Meir.
Rabbi Yehuda says: All are judged on Rosh HaShana, and their sentence is sealed each in its own time: On Passover the sentence is sealed concerning grain; on Shavuot concerning fruits that grow on a tree; on the festival of Sukkot they are judged concerning water; and mankind is judged on Rosh HaShana, and the sentence is sealed on Yom Kippur.
Rabbi Yosei says: A person is judged every day, and not just once a year, as it is stated: “You visit him every morning” (Job 7:18), meaning that every morning an accounting is made and a judgment is passed.
Rabbi Natan says: A person is judged every hour, as it is stated: “You try him every moment” (Job 7:18).
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Perhaps, as Hashem is out of time, your answer should be wrapped into the explanation similar to my discussion with Rabbi Kaii in the comments here ?judaism.stackexchange.com/a/144595/36610– Y DJCommented Oct 8 at 1:34
צדיק גוזר ה' מקיים The Tzaddik decrees, haShem performs it (Chazal).
When the Tzaddik of the era decrees, that's when H' decrees. Mainly on Rosh Hashanah. That's why Rabbi Nachman was so adamant his followers all gather at him for R"H. The combination of space-time with the root soul the Tzaddik Chai Almin.
Refs: Sifrei Breslev and Na Nach
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2How does this answer the question? The question was about decrees made by heaven, not decrees made by Tzaddikim. Hashem doesn't only decree if tzaddikim decree!– ElonMuskCommented Dec 26, 2023 at 3:15
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@ElonMusk What's your understanding of צדיק גוזר ה' מקיים? Commented Dec 26, 2023 at 4:04
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1Whatever my understanding of it is, it still doesn't answer @Shababnik's question. It has nothing to do with it.– ElonMuskCommented Dec 26, 2023 at 6:11