If I start the Shema before the zman but I finish the 1st 3 paragraphs after the alloted time, what is the halacha?
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1What is the question?– Double AA ♦Apr 30, 2014 at 16:29
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What else besides the 3 paragraphs is there?– Double AA ♦Apr 30, 2014 at 16:30
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1Do you mean to ask if that is a violation of the deadline? If you fulfilled your obligation correctly?– JewelsApr 30, 2014 at 17:45
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1There's the issue that we don't know exactly when zmanim are-- most zmanim charts are +/- 2 minutes. If you're starting close enough to the zman that this is an issue, you might want to say that because of doubt, the blessings aren't made, but the shema is still recited, because there's no point where it's prohibited to recite shema.– TatpurushaApr 30, 2014 at 18:00
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the mishna regarding a person in a mikva seems to say you're yotze with the first verse.– rayApr 30, 2014 at 18:20
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2 Answers
There is a machlokes haposkim what portion of Shma is min hatorah (Aruch hashulchan 58:16: 1. First pasuk 2. first parsha 3. First 2 parshios 4. All 3 parshios
Thus, if the sof zman krias shma arrived during Shma, at least you fulfilled the mitzva min hatorah according to so opinions.
There is a fascinating Aruch Hashulchan 110:5 based on Tosfos (who writes that Bilaam only started to curse Bnai Yisroel when Hashem was angry but concluded the curse afterwards) who holds that if one starts during the zman one can finish after the zman. His opinion is probably limited to Tefilah whose time limit is derabanan and does not apply to Shma whose time is min hatorah, but his proof from Bilaam might imply otherwise.
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2Not everyone agrees that what we call sof zman krias shma is a biblical time limit.– Double AA ♦Apr 30, 2014 at 17:01
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@msh210 AH is a huge chiddush not mentioned AFAIK elsewhere which is an indication that his view may not be shared.– YoniApr 30, 2014 at 17:07
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@AA minchas cohen claims it's not min matorah but most poskim disagree. If time limit is not min hatorah then the AH logic would likelier apply.– YoniApr 30, 2014 at 17:10
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Apparently, the Ben Ish Chai holds the interesting view that the majority of the amidah must be recited before the z'man ("כדי שתהיה תפלת המנחה רובה בתוך בין השמשות"). See this answer.– FredMar 12, 2015 at 0:15
If the question was regarding fulfilling one's obligation to recite Shema' in the morning, Qizur Shulhan 'Arukh - Yalqut Yosef (Orah Hayim 58:2) states (my translation):
Within Zeman Qeri'at Shema' one must read all three paragraphs and not just the first.
