In Christianity, recent Bible translations in most languages use the Hebrew text edition from the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (1983 edition) while consulting other ancient manuscripts (such as the Dead Sea Scrolls, Septuagint, or other codex) for difficult verses.
What prompted me to ask this question at Mi Yodeya is my recent finding that:
- Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (latest update is BH4, 1998), is a critical Hebrew text tradition started by Rudolf Kittel with Biblia Hebraica Kittel (BH1, 1906 to BH3, 1937), which in turn uses the Leningrad codex (belonging to the Masoretic Text tradition) as the basis. Work is being done since 2004 to supersede it with Biblia Hebraica Quinta or BH5, a project which includes Christian as well as Jewish scholars.
- There are 2 other major critical Hebrew text projects being done currently, the Hebrew University Bible project (overview here) and the Oxford Hebrew Bible project (prologue here), which use a different mix of surviving Hebrew Manuscripts such as the Aleppo Codex, another text of the Masoretic tradition. Those 3 major projects plus other modern editions are compared in this 2010 Tyndale Bulletin journal paper Which Hebrew Bible? by David L. Baker.
- Serious Old Testament text criticism scholars and theology students also use other digitized Hebrew editions with additional features such as the Lexham Hebrew Bible, and the Biblia Hebraica Westmonasteriensis.
I'm aware, as @Elie commented, that most religious Jews can read Tanach in Hebrew. But the above findings made me question whether I should take for granted that the Hebrew text editions they use is the same with what 21st century Christian scholars use.
Therefore, my questions are:
- Do various branches of Judaism (Orthodox, Conservative, Reformed, etc.) authorize the same Hebrew text edition of the Tanach?
- Do they also use an edition similar to Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (based on the Leningrad codex) or do they have their own preferred Hebrew edition for the study / public reading at the Synagogues?
- Which Hebrew text edition is most likely used at popular Hebrew Scripture study websites such as Sefaria, Chabad.org, TanachStudy.com, or others?