I vaguely remember seeing in Mishnayos (probably second half of Moed, maybe Taanis - potentially in connection to where the Maamados said their Tefillos - but can't find it now) that there was a Shul within the Beis haMikdosh. I can't seem to find it on any of the floorplans though now. Can someone please confirm and provide a source?
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5See the end of Tamid 4:3 - the Kohanim would read keriat shema and recite certain berachot in the lishkat hagazit.– Joel KCommented Sep 18, 2019 at 9:52
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1Also Yoma 7:1 and Sotah 7:7-8– HeshyCommented Sep 18, 2019 at 9:58
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1@Etzbah Rambam understands Avodah to be Retzei– Joel KCommented Sep 18, 2019 at 10:08
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2I recall a reference in mishna somewhere (perhaps Tamid or Yoma) to "חזן" or "סגן" which the commentaries there say refers to a synagogue worker. Of course, that there was a synagogue worker doesn't mean there was a synagogue in the usual sense.– msh210 ♦Commented Sep 18, 2019 at 13:47
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2Rashi (Yoma 68b, ד"ה בית הכנסת) says exactly that: there was a Beis Knesses on the Har Habayis, near the Azarah (and it's the חזן and ראש of that Beis Knesses who started the procedure of handing the Sefer Torah to the Kohen Gadol to read from on Yom Kippur).– MeirCommented Sep 18, 2019 at 15:26
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