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In studying bereishis I have come up with questions about Joseph and his brothers that have long bothered me. One question is in parsha vayeshev, where we read how Joseph was sold by his brothers to the "Ishmaelites". I have always taken that to be the descendants of Ishmael. Isaac and Ishmael were half brothers. Which means that Isaac’s sons, Jacob and Esau were first cousins to Ishmael’s sons, which in turn means that Jacobs twelve sons were second cousins to Ishmael’s grandchildren. Didn’t the Ishmaelites know they were buying their second cousin? I would certainly know if my second cousins tried to sell me another second cousin as a slave! What have the rabbis said about this?

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    Dennis, welcome to Mi Yodeya, and thanks very much for this intriguing question! I hope you look around and find more to your taste, perhaps starting with parashat-vayeishev.
    – Isaac Moses
    Commented Dec 31, 2012 at 16:24
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    Dennis, welcome to Mi Yodeya. It's possible that they wouldn't know of the relationship; I know that I have second cousins I've never met and there's not even any family drama involved, just a large, scattered family. Commented Dec 31, 2012 at 16:25

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An idea that was sparked by a similar line of reasoning in this post from the Parsha Blog:

Yosef was sold 182 years after Yishmael was born. (That's 14 until Yitzchak is born, 60 more until Yaakov is born, and Yaakov is 130 when he stands before Par'oh after 22 years of Yosef being away = 182 years.) Just because Yitzchak and Yaakov waited a long time to have kids doesn't mean Yishmael or his decendants did. If Yishmael and all his descendants each had 5 kids by the age of 30, that means Yishmael had at least 5^6 = 15625 great-great-great-great-grandchildren running around at the time Yosef was sold. So it shouldn't be too surprising that they didn't know (or care much about) their long-lost 2nd half-cousin thrice removed.

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    Anyone want to double check my math?
    – Double AA
    Commented Jan 1, 2013 at 4:25
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    Interesting point! I should have done the math!
    – Dennis
    Commented Jan 1, 2013 at 17:52

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