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Second day of Shavous

Shavuos is one Yom Tov that has nothing to do with the day of the month. It is 50 days after the first day of Pesach. Even in the times of making Rosh Chodesh via the sight of the new moon, by the time Shavuos rolled around everyone knew definatively when Pesach started. Why then do we keep 2 days Yom Tov on Shavuos?

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There is a famous teshuva from Chasam Sofer answering this very question. If I get a chance to look it up, I will answer. – jake Jun 1 '11 at 19:34
@jake Shut Chatam Sofer 2 YD 250 – Double AA May 2 at 2:26
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closed as exact duplicate by msh210♦ Jun 1 '11 at 20:32

This question covers exactly the same ground as earlier questions on this topic; its answers may be merged with another identical question. See the FAQ for guidance on how to improve it.

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The same question would apply to the last day of Pesach and to Sh'mini Atzeret -- by the time we get there we know how the first day should have been resolved. I understand the reason to be that we carry uncertainty through the chag, and would expect the same reasoning to apply to Shavuot, but I don't have a source.

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Was ~23 days long enough for the messengers to get everywhere [that mattered]? – Isaac Moses♦ Jun 1 '11 at 20:01
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